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The Encyclopedia of Chess Openings (or ECO) is a classification system for the opening moves in chess. It is presented as a five-volume book collection (now also a computer database) describing chess openings. The moves were taken from hundreds of thousands of games between masters, from published analysis in the Chess Informant since 1966, and then compiled by notable chess players. The main editor is Aleksandar Matanović. Both the ECO and the Chess Informant are published by the Serbian company Šahovski Informator (Chess Informant). These openings are typically provided in an ECO table that concisely presents the best opening lines.
The books contain only a small amount of text, which is in eight languages. The bulk of the book consists of diagrams of positions and chess moves in International figurine algebraic notation, with special symbols for comments about moves (see Chess annotation symbols).
Instead of the traditional names for the openings, ECO has developed a unique coding system that has also been adopted by other chess publications. There are five main categories, "A" to "E", each of which is divided into one hundred subcategories.
ECO code is a registered trademark of Chess Informant.
Read main article: list of chess openings
The first edition was published in the following years:
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The second edition was published in the following years:
| Code | Author |
|---|---|
| 04-05 | Bagirov, Vladimir |
| 18-19 | Bagirov, Vladimir |
| 13-14 | Botvinnik, Mikhail |
| 13-14 | Abramov, Lev |
| 10 | Filip, Miroslav |
| 12 | Filip, Miroslav |
| 15 | Filip, Miroslav |
| 17 | Filip, Miroslav |
| 36-39 | Filip, Miroslav |
| 70-79 | Geller, Efim |
| 95-99 | Gipslis, Aivars |
| 20-21 | Gufeld, Eduard |
| 23-26 | Gufeld, Eduard |
| 02-03 | Hort, Vlastimil |
| 80-85 | Kasparov, Garry |
| 30-31 | Korchnoi, Viktor |
| 34-35 | Korchnoi, Viktor |
| 28-29 | Krnić, Zdenko |
| 87 | Krnić, Zdenko |
| 28-29 | Cvetković, Srđan |
| 00-01 | Larsen, Bent |
| 16 | Larsen, Bent |
| 60-69 | Matanović, Aleksandar |
| 60-69 | Ugrinović, Dragan |
| 06 | Minev, Nikolay |
| 11 | Minev, Nikolay |
| 57 | Nunn, John |
| 88-89 | Nunn, John |
| 07-09 | Parma, Bruno |
| 44 | Polugaevsky, Lev |
| 50-53 | Polugaevsky, Lev |
| 86 | Polugaevsky, Lev |
| 90-94 | Polugaevsky, Lev |
| 96 | Polugaevsky, Lev |
| 27 | Suetin, Alexey |
| 54-56 | Suetin, Alexey |
| 58-59 | Suetin, Alexey |
| 22 | Sveshnikov, Evgeny |
| 33 | Sveshnikov, Evgeny |
| 40-43 | Taimanov, Mark |
| 45-49 | Taimanov, Mark |
| 32 | Uhlmann, Wolfgang |
The third edition was published in the following years:
The fourth edition was published in the following years:
The fifth edition was published in the following years: