Carlos Torre Repetto

Carlos Torre, 1925
Full name	Carlos Jesús Torre Repetto
Country	Mexico
Born	29 November 1904 Mérida, Yucatán
Title	Grandmaster (1977)

Carlos Jesús Torre Repetto (29 November 1904 in Mérida, Yucatán - 19 March 1978 in Mérida, Yucatán) was a chess grandmaster from Mexico.

Biography

While Torre was Mexican by birth and citizenship, he spent much of his early life in New Orleans and developed as a young player under the tutelage of the New Orleans player E. Z. Adams. Torre later published an extraordinary combination that was supposed to have occurred in a game Z. Adams-Torre and featured White's victory. It was determined subsequently that this combination was never played in a game; Torre's attribution of it to Adams was an homage to his teacher.

Torre first came to international attention when he attended the great New York 1924 tournament and impressed both the American and European Grandmasters with the high quality of his speed chess and analytical ability. The website Chessmetrics.com places Torre as eighth in the world following his tour of Europe. He was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1977.

Torre's career was cut short by mental illness. Torre spent much if not the remainder of his life hospitalized following his breakdown in 1926. A coming marriage that was broken by a Dear John letter is believed to have played a role in his breakdown per The Oxford Companion to Chess. However, the chess historian Edward Winter regards this as an open question. Reuben Fine visited him many years later and found that he still played very well.

Major tournament results

Torre won the Louisiana state championship at New Orleans 1923.

Torre began to reach world prominence in 1924. He was first at Detroit 1924 (25th Western Open / U.S. Open Chess Championship), followed by Samuel Factor, Herman H. Hahlbohm, Norman Whitaker, Samuel Reshevsky, etc. He won at Rochester, New York 1924 (with Jennings). In 1924, Torre took third place in New York (Abraham Kupchik won).

In 1925, he made his European debut, in events with much stronger and deeper fields of more experienced Masters. Torre took tenth place in Baden-Baden (Alexander Alekhine won). In 1925, he tied for third/fourth place with Frank Marshall, behind Aron Nimzowitsch and Akiba Rubinstein, in Marienbad. In 1925, he tied for fifth/sixth place with Savielly Tartakower in Moscow (Efim Bogoljubow won). In 1925, he tied for second/third place in Leningrad (Quadrangular; Solomon Borisovich Gotthilf won). In 1926, he tied for second/third place with Géza Maróczy, behind Marshall, in Chicago. In 1926, he won, ahead of Jose Joaquin Araiza, in Mexico City.

Legacy

The chess opening Torre Attack is named after him. It is characterized by the moves: 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bg5.

Torre also introduced the Mexican Defence to chess theory in a match against Fritz Sämisch in 1925 in Baden-Baden, Germany. It runs: 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 Nc6.

"The Windmill"

In the Moscow 1925 chess tournament, Torre defeated former World Chess Champion Emanuel Lasker with a dazzling queen sacrifice. The combination is immortalized and is known as "The Windmill":

1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bg5 c5 4.e3 cxd4 5.exd4 Be7 6.Nbd2 d6 7.c3 Nbd7 8.Bd3 b6 9.Nc4 Bb7 10.Qe2 Qc7 11.0-0 0-0 12.Rfe1 Rfe8 13.Rad1 Nf8 14.Bc1 Nd5 15.Ng5 b5 16.Na3 b4 17.cxb4 Nxb4 18.Qh5 Bxg5 19.Bxg5 Nxd3 20.Rxd3 Qa5 21.b4! Qf5 22.Rg3 h6 23.Nc4 Qd5 24.Ne3 Qb5 (diagram)

Torre wins with a queen sacrifice, as his rook and bishop form a grindstone that crushes Black with a series of checks and discovered checks.

25.Bf6!! Qxh5 26.Rxg7+ Kh8 27.Rxf7+ Kg8 28.Rg7+ Kh8 29.Rxb7+ Kg8 30.Rg7+ Kh8 31.Rg5+ Kh7 32.Rxh5 Kg6 33.Rh3 Kxf6 34.Rxh6+ Kg5 35.Rh3 Reb8 36.Rg3+ Kf6 37.Rf3+ Kg6 38.a3 a5 39.bxa5 Rxa5 40.Nc4 Rd5 41.Rf4 Nd7 42.Rxe6+ Kg5 43.g3 1-0