Kop is a minimalist game of the Schafkopf group that is popular in Wielkopolska (the region around the City of Poznań). From 1815 to 1920 this was the Prussian province Posen, with 1/3 German and 2/3 Polish population, which explains the strong German influence on the game. The word "kop" means "kick" in Polish, but the name is most likely a polonisation of the German word "Kopf". Kop is a very fast game: a single deal can take less than twenty seconds. It is mostly played for money, but there are also tournaments held in some towns and villages around the region. People can often be found playing it in trains (sometimes without a table, standing, holding the tricks in their hands). Cab drivers have been seen playing it on a roof of a cab.
A similar game called "Baśka" is played in the region of Cashubia (part of Pomerania, around Gdansk). Together with Skat, which is played in Silesia, these are examples of Schafkopf-derived games introduced to western Poland under German influence, as can be seen from some of the technical terms used. The card points are oko (eyes), equivalent to German Augen, and the black Queens are stare (old ones), equivalent to die Alten in German, zolo du equivalent to Solo Tout and so on.
Both Kop and Baśka can be played online on the Polish Kurnik server, though neither game is currently available on the English version of this server at PlayOK.com.
The Kop deck contains only 16 cards. Aces, Tens, Queens and Jacks of each suit are used. It is usually played with French-suited cards, which are easy to obtain in Poland.
There are four players, who most of the time play in partnerships, the holders of the two black Queens playing together against the other two. The game is dealt and played clockwise.
As in most games of this type, the point values of the cards are: A=11, 10=10, Q=3, J=2. The total value of the cards in the pack is only 104 (not 120 as in Skat or Schafkopf, because the 4-point Kings are not used). Aces and Tens are called całe (wholes) because of their high value. The card points are called oka (singular oko) (eyes).
As in many Schafkopf games, all the Queens and Jacks are trumps, but above them, the highest trumps are the Ace and Ten of hearts, and below them are the Ace and Ten of diamonds. The makes 12 trumps in all, leaving only four cards that are not trumps, in two suits, clubs and spades. The trumps are called trumfy, and the non-trump suits are obce (meaning foreign or strange). Among the Queens and Jacks, the usual order ranking clubs, spades, hearts, diamonds is used. So in summary, there are three very unequal suits, ranking from high to low as follows:
A-10-
Q-
Q-Q-
Q-J-J-J-J-A-10A-10A-10The black Queens, which determine the partnerships, are called stare (old ones). The lowest two całe trumps - the A and 10 - are called ryzyka (risks).
The dealer shuffles and the player to dealer's right cuts. The dealer then deals out all 16 cards, one at a time, so that each player has four. There are advantages and disadvantages to being the dealer. To even these out, the turn to deal passes to the left after each hand.
Before the play begins, the players have an opportunity to make announcements, such as to increase the stake for the game, or to volunteer to play without a partner. Officially, they should speak in clockwise order, starting with the player to dealer's left. That procedure may be followed in formal tournaments, but in practice players simply make their announcements without waiting for the other players. The player to dealer's left looks at the other players and asks 'May I?', and if no one responds simply starts the play by leading the first card.
The possible announcements are as follows:
Notes:
Zolo du is the highest bid, followed by zolo and then wesele. Only the highest bid is played: for example if one player announces wesele and another player zolo, only the zolo is played and the wesele is cancelled.
An announcement of "wesele", "zolo" or "zolo du" cancels any previously announced doubles - "kontra", "rej", etc. However, the announcements continue until three players in succession have passed, so the other players have an opportunity to say kontra to the new bid of wesele, zolo or zolo du.
A player who announces "wesele", "zolo" or "zolo du" is not allowed to double the value of their own bid by saying say "kontra", but if another player doubles it with "kontra", they are allowed to redouble with "rej", etc.
A player who announces zolo or zolo du plays alone, and the other three players form a team against the zolo player. In other cases the partnerships depend on the distribution of the cards.
If "old queens" are held by different players, the players who hold the Q and Q play together as partners. They are called "starzy" (the old ones) the other two players form a partnership called "młodzi" (the young ones). If both black queens happen to be held by one player, that player has three options:
J but not J, the holder of the J will be her partner). The partnerships become known after the cards mentioned above are played. They can of course often be deduced earlier. For example, player who is unable to beat a Jack cannot be "old". If someone plays a 'ryzyko' on a trick that will be taken by another player, she probably is that player's partner and is "smearing" (but it is also possible that she had no other card to play).
The player to the left of the dealer always leads to the first trick. The trick is won by the highest trump in it, or if no trumps are played by the highest card of the suit led. The winner of each trick leads to the next. Any card can be led. Players must follow suit (all trumps count as belonging to the trump suit and not to the suits printed on the cards), and subject to this, must beat the highest card in the trick if they can. In practice this means:
At the end of the play, each team counts the value of the cards in the tricks it has won. In fact, an experienced player can see the result immediately just by looking at the tricks of one of the partnerships, without counting the points aloud. The objective of the game is to take the majority of points, that is at least 53. If there is 52-52 tie it is called "boki" (sides). In this case the team that announced the last double loses. If no one doubled, the "old" players lose if playing two against two, or the lone player loses if playing one against three.
If the losing party took 26 points or more, it is called "wyjście" (going out). If they have 25 points or fewer, the situation is called "bez wyjścia" which is equivalent of Schneider in German games.
If playing for money, the players should decide in advance the basic value of a point. In an ordinary game or wesele each losing player will pay this basic amount and each winning player will receive the same amount. If the game was lost "bez wyjścia" this payment is doubled, but if the losing players took no tricks (bez bitki - like Schwarz in German games) it is tripled instead.
If a player wins when playing alone, each of the other three players will pay the winner:
A player who loses alone will pay the same amount to every other player. There is no extra payment for "wyjście" or winning all the tricks in cicha or zolo. A zolo du is won only if the lone player wins all four tricks; otherwise it is lost.
Every "double" announcement (kontra, rej, etc.) doubles the payment for the game (so for example zolo with rej will cost 20 × the basic value). However if the consecutive doubles were announced by players that happened to be partners, they count as a single double.
A-10-10-10-Q-Q-Q-Q-J-J-J-J-A-10AAJ and even the J can't be sure at the outset whether she is playing with or against the caller of "wesele".This Cashubian game is described in Polish at psbaski.pl. It is said to have been played in that region since the 19th century. "Baśka" is a diminutive of the name Barbara, and is also the name given to a hand of four Queens, the highest bid in this game.
The game is very similar to Kop, as described above, in the classic version with 12 trumps and two black suits of two cards each. However, Baśka has some extra bids, and the scoring is slightly different.
There are four possible levels of doubling: kontra, rekontra, bok and hirsh.
If there is no higher bid, the holders of the two black Queens are partners, and an ordinary game is played, or if the black Queens are in the same hand, the holder plays alone silently (a Cicha). Six higher bids are possible. In ascending order, these are:
J-J-J-JA-10-QA-10-QA-10-QA-10-QPlayers speak in clockwise rotation and may bid, each bid being higher than the last, or double the previous bid. The highest bid is played, with any subsequent doubles. Players cannot say kontra to their own bid, but can redouble if another player says kontra.
The basic scores are:
| Simple game | 1 |
| Wesele | 1 |
| Cicha | 4 |
| Gran | 5 |
| Zolo | 5 |
| Gran Du | 10 |
| Zolo Du | 10 |
| Baśka | 10 |
A simple game, Wesele, Cicha, Gran or Zolo is won by the player or team that has more card points. In case of a 52-52 tie, the side that announced the last double loses, or if no one said kontra, the "old" team (the team with the black Queens) loses when two play against two and the lone player loses when playing against three. In Gran Du and Zolo Du the lone player wins if she takes all four tricks and loses otherwise. In Baśka, the player with the four Queens automatically wins.
In a simple game or Wesele, the score is increased to 2 if the losing side took at least one trick but had 25 or fewer points, or 3 if they won no tricks at all.
Unlike Kop, if the "old" players (the black Queen holders) lose in a simple game or wesele, or if the lone player loses in a game played one against three, the score is doubled.
Also, the score is doubled for kontra, rekontra, etc., but two or more consecutive doubles by players who turn out to be on the same team count as only one double.